The Signals People Send
| Non-Verbal Communication | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| Facial Expressions | |
| Frown | Displeasure, unhappiness |
| Smile | Friendliness, happiness |
| Raised eyebrows | Disbelief, amazement |
| Narrowed eyes | Anger |
| Blushing | Embarrassment |
| Eye Contact | |
| Glancing | Lack of interest |
| Steady | Active listening, interest, seduction |
| Hand/Arm Gestures | |
| Pointing finger | Authority, displeasure, lecturing |
| Folded arms | Not open to change, preparing to speak |
| Arms at side | Open to suggestions, relaxed |
| Hands uplifted outward | Disbelief, puzzlement, uncertainty |
| Body Postures | |
| Fidgeting, doodling | Boredom |
| Hands on hips | Anger, defensiveness |
| Shrugging shoulders | Indifference |
| Squared stance or shoulders | Problem-solving, concern, listening |
| Biting lip, shifting, jingling money | Nervousness |
| Sitting on edge of chair | Listening, great concern |
| Slouching in chair | Boredom, lack of interest |
| Clothing | |
| Business dress | Authoritative, conservative |
| Sloppy attire | Disrespect, lack of responsibility |
| Casual clothes | Relaxation |
| Proxemics (Physical Space) | |
| From physical contact to 18 inches | Intimate space |
| From 18 inches to 4 feet | Personal space |
| From 4 feet to 8 feet | Social space |
| From 8 feet outward | Public space |
| Voice Characteristics | |
| Speaking loudly, quickly, and with clipped enunciation | Anger |
| Monotone and downward inflection | Boredom |
| High pitch, fast rate, loud volume, and upward Inflection | Joy |
| Status Symbols | |
| Rare or expensive possessions | High status |
| Prestigious titles | High status |
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Session 11: Writing Skills